Last data update: May 13, 2024. (Total: 46773 publications since 2009)
Records 1-10 (of 10 Records) |
Query Trace: Newcomb WE[original query] |
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Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among young, gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men and transgender women - 3 U.S. cities, 2016-2018
Amiling R , Winer RL , Newcomb ME , Gorbach PM , Lin J , Crosby RA , Mustanski B , Markowitz LE , Meites E . Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021 17 (12) 5407-5412 Gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women are disproportionately affected by human papillomavirus (HPV). HPV vaccination is routinely recommended for U.S. adolescents at age 11-12 years, with catch-up vaccination through age 26 years. We assessed HPV vaccination coverage and associated factors among young MSM and transgender women. The Vaccine Impact in Men study enrolled MSM aged 18-26 years from clinics in Seattle, Chicago, and Los Angeles, during February 2016-September 2018. Participants self-reported socio-demographic information and HPV vaccination status. Among 1416 participants, 673 (47.5%) reported ≥1 HPV vaccine dose. Among vaccinated participants, median age at first dose was 19 years and median age at first sex was 17 years; 493 (73.3%) reported that their age at first dose was older than their age at first sex. There were significant differences in HPV vaccination coverage by city (range 33%-62%), age, race/ethnicity, and gender identity. Coverage was highest in Seattle, where younger age was the only factor associated with vaccination. Differences in coverage by city may be due to variation in vaccination practices or enrollment at study sites. Increasing both routine and catch-up vaccination will improve coverage among MSM and transgender women. |
Sexual positioning practices and anal human papillomavirus infection among young men who have sex with men and transgender women - Chicago, Illinois, 2016-2018
Morgan E , Meites E , Markowitz LE , Xavier Hall CD , Querec TD , Unger ER , Crosby RA , Newcomb ME , Mustanski B . Sex Transm Dis 2021 48 (10) 709-713 BACKGROUND: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States; men who have sex with men (MSM) have higher prevalence of infection and related disease compared with other men. We assessed whether differences in HPV acquisition exist among MSM according to their sexual positioning practices as well as self-reported receipt of HPV vaccination. METHODS: We enrolled young MSM and transgender women aged 18-26 years in Chicago, Illinois (N=666). Participants self-reported history of HPV vaccination, and submitted self-collected anal swab specimens for type-specific HPV detection using an L1-consensus PCR assay. Multivariable logistic regression analyses were used to assess relationships between sexual positioning practices and detection of any HPV or quadrivalent HPV vaccine (4vHPV) types by vaccination status, defined as self-reported receipt of ≥1 HPV vaccine dose versus none. RESULTS: Among 666 participants, 400 (60.1%) had any anal HPV, and 146 (21.9%) had a 4vHPV type. Among vaccinated participants, 18, 36, and 177 reported exclusively insertive, exclusively receptive, or both sexual positioning practices, respectively. Compared to participants reporting exclusively insertive anal sex, odds of any HPV were significantly higher among participants engaging exclusively in receptive anal sex (aOR=5.90, 95% CI: 2.52-13.78) as well as those engaging in both (aOR=3.32; 95% CI: 1.71-6.44). Vaccinated participants, compared with unvaccinated participants, had lower odds of 4vHPV-type HPV regardless of sexual positioning practices (aOR=0.56; 95% CI: 0.34-0.92). CONCLUSION: Adult men and transgender women who practice anal receptive sex have high prevalence of infection with any HPV. Routine vaccination of all adolescents is expected to reduce HPV-related disease incidence among adult MSM and transgender women as vaccinated cohorts age. |
Family factors and HIV-related risk behaviors among adolescent sexual minority males in three United States cities, 2015
Morris E , Balaji AB , Trujillo L , Rasberry CN , Mustanski B , Newcomb ME , Brady KA , Prachand NG . LGBT Health 2020 7 (7) 367-374 Purpose: We examined the relationship between family factors and HIV-related sexual risk behaviors among adolescent sexual minority males (ASMM) who are affected disproportionately by HIV. Methods: We analyzed results from the National HIV Behavioral Surveillance among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men. Adolescent males ages 13-18 who identified as gay or bisexual, or who reported attraction to or sex with males were interviewed in 2015 in Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia. Separate log-linked Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations between family factors and sexual risk behaviors. Results: Of the 569 ASMM, 41% had condomless anal intercourse in the past 12 months, 38% had ≥4 male sex partners in the past 12 months, and 23% had vaginal or anal sex before age 13. ASMM who had ever been kicked out of their house or run away, those who were out to their mother, and those who were out to their father, were more likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors. ASMM who were currently living with parents or guardians and those who received a positive reaction to their outness by their mother were less likely to engage in sexual risk behaviors. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the important role of family factors in HIV risk reduction among ASMM. A better understanding of the complex dynamics of these families will help in developing family-based interventions. |
Vaccine effectiveness on DNA prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in anal and oral specimens from men who have sex with men- United States, 2016-2018.
Meites E , Winer RL , Newcomb ME , Gorbach PM , Querec TD , Rudd J , Collins T , Lin J , Moore J , Remble T , Swanson F , Franz J , Bolan RK , Golden MR , Mustanski B , Crosby RA , Unger ER , Markowitz LE . J Infect Dis 2020 222 (12) 2052-2060 BACKGROUND: In the United States, human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination has been recommended for young adult men who have sex with men (MSM) since 2011. METHODS: The Vaccine Impact in Men (VIM) study surveyed MSM and transgender women aged 18-26 years in 3 U.S. cities during 2016-2018. Self-collected anal swab and oral rinse specimens were assessed for 37 types of HPV DNA. We compared HPV prevalence among vaccinated and unvaccinated participants and determined adjusted prevalence ratios (aPR) and confidence intervals (CI). RESULTS: Among 1,767 participants, 704 (39.8%) self-reported receiving HPV vaccine. Median age at vaccination (18.7 years) was older than age at first sex (15.7 years). Quadrivalent vaccine-type HPV was detected in anal or oral specimens from 475 (26.9%) participants. Vaccine-type HPV prevalence was lower among vaccinated (22.9%) compared with unvaccinated (31.6%) participants; aPR for those who initiated vaccination at </=18 years was 0.41 (95% CI: 0.24-0.57) and at >18 years was 0.82 (95% CI: 0.67-0.98). Vaccine effectiveness for at least one HPV vaccine dose at age >/=18 years or >18 years was 59% and 18%, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Findings suggest real-world effectiveness of HPV vaccination among young adult MSM. This effect was stronger with younger age at vaccination. |
Mental health, social support, and HIV-related sexual risk behaviors among HIV-negative adolescent sexual minority males: three U.S. cities, 2015
Agnew-Brune CB , Balaji AB , Mustanski B , Newcomb ME , Prachand N , Braunstein SL , Brady KA , Hoots BE , Smith JS , Paz-Bailey G , Broz D . AIDS Behav 2019 23 (12) 3419-3426 We examined the association between mental health issues, social support, and HIV among adolescent sexual minority males (SMM), who are disproportionally affected by HIV. National HIV Behavioral Surveillance among Young Men Who Have Sex with Men (NHBS-YMSM) data among SMM aged 13-18 years were collected in three cities (Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia). Separate log-linked Poisson regression models were used to estimate associations between mental health issues and social support (general and family), and 3 HIV-related sexual risk behavior outcomes: past-year condomless anal intercourse (CAI) with a male partner, past-year sex with >/= 4 partners, and first vaginal or anal sex before age 13. Of 547 adolescent SMM, 22% reported ever attempting suicide and 10% reported past-month suicidal ideation. The majority (52%) reported depression and anxiety. Thirty-nine percent reported CAI, 29% reported >/= 4 sex partners and 22% reported first sex before age 13. Ever attempting suicide, suicidal ideation, and depression and anxiety were associated with CAI. Separately, ever attempting suicide and lack of family support were associated with >/= 4 sex partners. None of the mental health or support measures were associated with having sex before age 13. General social support was not associated with any sexual risk behaviors. Mental health issues are common among adolescent SMM and associated with sexual risk behaviors. Including mental health support in comprehensive HIV prevention for adolescent SMM could potentially reduce HIV risk in this population. |
CNS melioidosis in a traveler returning from Cabo, Mexico
Donahue MA , Newcomb G , Spinella S , Prasad P , Liesveld J , Egan CT , Smith GL , Newman AP , Bower WA , Blaney DD , Gee JE , Elrod MG , Chuang S , Babu TM . Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 6 (2) ofz005 Melioidosis is caused by the gram-negative bacillus Burkholderia pseudomallei, endemic to northern Australia and Southeast Asia. We present a patient who traveled to Mexico, returned to the United States, and developed progressive manifestations of melioidosis, culminating as central nervous system disease. Standard therapy was contraindicated, and a prolonged intensive phase was employed. |
High human immunodeficiency virus incidence and prevalence and associated factors among adolescent sexual minority males - 3 cities, 2015
Balaji AB , An Q , Smith JC , Newcomb ME , Mustanski B , Prachand NG , Brady KA , Braunstein S , Paz-Bailey G . Clin Infect Dis 2018 66 (6) 936-944 Background: Much has been written about the impact of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) among young (13-24) sexual minority men (SMM). Evidence for concern is substantial for emerging adult (18-24 years) SMM. Data documenting the burden and associated risk factors of HIV among adolescent SMM (<18 years) remain limited. Methods: Adolescent SMM aged 13-18 years were recruited in 3 cities (Chicago, New York City, and Philadelphia) for interview and HIV testing. We used chi2 tests for percentages of binary variables and 1-way analysis of variance for means of continuous variables to assess differences by race/ethnicity in behaviors. We calculated estimated annual HIV incidence density (number of HIV infections per 100 person-years [PY] at risk). We computed Fisher's exact tests to determine differences in HIV prevalence by selected characteristics. Results: Of 415 sexually active adolescent SMM with a valid HIV test result, 25 (6%) had a positive test. Estimated annual HIV incidence density was 3.4/100 PY; incidence density was highest for blacks, followed by Hispanics, then whites (4.1, 3.2, and 1.1/100 PY, respectively). Factors associated with higher HIV prevalence included black race; >/=4 male partners, condomless anal sex, and exchange sex in the past 12 months; and a recent partner who was older, black, HIV-infected, or had ever been in jail or prison (P < .05). Conclusions: HIV-related risk behaviors, prevalence, and estimated incidence density for adolescent SMM were high, especially for minority SMM. Our findings suggest that initiating intervention efforts early may be helpful in combating these trends. |
Protection factor for N95 filtering facepiece respirators exposed to laboratory aerosols containing different concentrations of nanoparticles
Rengasamy S , Walbert G , Newcomb W , Coffey C , Wassell JT , Szalajda J . Ann Occup Hyg 2014 59 (3) 373-81 A previous study used a PortaCount Plus to measure the ratio of particle concentrations outside (C out) to inside (C in) of filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs) worn by test subjects and calculated the total inward leakage (TIL) (C in/C out) to evaluate the reproducibility of the TIL test method between two different National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health laboratories (Laboratories 1 and 2) at the Pittsburgh Campus. The purpose of this study is to utilize the originally obtained PortaCount C out/C in ratio as a measure of protection factor (PF) and evaluate the influence of particle distribution and filter efficiency. PFs were obtained for five N95 model FFRs worn by 35 subjects for three donnings (5 models x 35 subjects x 3 donnings) for a total of 525 tests in each laboratory. The geometric mean of PFs, geometric standard deviation (GSD), and the 5th percentile values for the five N95 FFR models were calculated for the two laboratories. Filter efficiency was obtained by measuring the penetration for four models (A, B, C, and D) against Laboratory 2 aerosol using two condensation particle counters. Particle size distribution, measured using a Scanning Mobility Particle Sizer, showed a mean count median diameter (CMD) of 82nm in Laboratory 1 and 131nm in Laboratory 2. The smaller CMD showed relatively higher concentration of nanoparticles in Laboratory 1 than in Laboratory 2. Results showed that the PFs and 5th percentile values for two models (B and E) were larger than other three models (A, C, and D) in both laboratories. The PFs and 5th percentile values of models B and E in Laboratory 1 with a count median diameter (CMD) of 82nm were smaller than in Laboratory 2 with a CMD of 131nm, indicating an association between particle size distribution and PF. The three lower efficiency models (A, C, and D) showed lower PF values than the higher efficiency model B showing the influence of filter efficiency on PF value. Overall, the data show that particle size distribution and filter efficiency influence the PFs and 5th percentile values. The PFs and 5th percentile values decreased with increasing nanoparticle concentration (from CMD of 131 to 82nm) indicating lower PFs for aerosol distribution within nanoparticle size range (<100nm). Further studies on the relationship between particle size distribution and PF are needed to better understand the respiratory protection against nanoparticles. |
Determining sample size and a passing criterion for respirator fit-test panels
Landsittel D , Zhuang Z , Newcomb W , Berry Ann R . J Occup Environ Hyg 2014 11 (2) 77-84 Few studies have proposed methods for sample size determination and specification of passing criterion (e.g., number needed to pass from a given size panel) for respirator fit-tests. One approach is to account for between- and within- subject variability, and thus take full advantage of the multiple donning measurements within subject, using a random effects model. The corresponding sample size calculation, however, may be difficult to implement in practice, as it depends on the model-specific and test panel-specific variance estimates, and thus does not yield a single sample size or specific cutoff for number needed to pass. A simple binomial approach is therefore proposed to simultaneously determine both the required sample size and the optimal cutoff for the number of subjects needed to achieve a passing result. The method essentially conducts a global search of the type I and type II errors under different null and alternative hypotheses, across the range of possible sample sizes, to find the lowest sample size which yields at least one cutoff satisfying, or approximately satisfying all pre-determined limits for the different error rates. Benchmark testing of 98 respirators (conducted by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health) is used to illustrate the binomial approach and show how sample size estimates from the random effects model can vary substantially depending on estimated variance components. For the binomial approach, probability calculations show that a sample size of 35 to 40 yields acceptable error rates under different null and alternative hypotheses. For the random effects model, the required sample sizes are generally smaller, but can vary substantially based on the estimate variance components. Overall, despite some limitations, the binomial approach represents a highly practical approach with reasonable statistical properties. |
Evaluation of sampling probes for fit testing N95 filtering facepiece respirators
Bergman MS , Viscusi DJ , Zhuang Z , Newcomb WE . Ann Occup Hyg 2012 57 (4) 507-18 Previous studies have shown a sampling probe bias for measuring fit factors (FFs) in respirator facepieces. This study was conducted to evaluate three sampling probes for fit testing NIOSH-certified N95 filtering facepiece respirators (FFRs). Two phases of fit test experiments were conducted incorporating 'side-by-side' probe mounting: (i) flush probe versus deep probe and (ii) flush probe versus disc probe. Seven test subjects in Phase 1 and six subjects in Phase 2 were fit tested with one to three N95 FFR models for a total of 10 subject/FFR model combinations for each phase. For each experimental condition, induced faceseal leakage (IFSL) through an induced leak was measured using a PORTACOUNT(R) Plus model 8020A Respirator Fit Tester with a model 8095 N95-Companion accessory. For Phase 1, the mean IFSL of all flush probe measurements (3.6%) was significantly greater than (P < 0.05) the mean IFSL of all deep probe measurements (3.3%). For Phase 2, the mean IFSL of all flush probe measurements (8.5%) was not significantly greater than (P > 0.05) the mean IFSL of all disc probe measurements (8.3%). Results indicate that some leak site and subject/FFR model/leak site combination comparisons (flush probe versus deep probe or flush probe versus disc probe) were statistically different (P < 0.05). The overall mean IFSL for subject/FFR model/leak site combinations differed by 14 and 4% for the flush probe versus deep probe and the flush probe versus disc probe, respectively; however, from a practical standpoint, there is little difference between the flush probe tests compared with the deep probe or disc probe tests. Overall, IFSL measured using the flush probe is higher (resulting in a more conservative measure of faceseal leakage) compared with either the deep probe or disc probe. The more conservative results obtained using the flush probe provide support for its common usage for fit testing cup-shaped FFRs in the USA and potential use for fit testing FFRs in Europe. |
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